What term describes materials that pose a risk to health, property, or the environment during transportation?

The term that describes materials posing a risk to health, property, or the environment during transportation is "hazardous materials." This classification is essential in the context of transportation safety regulations, as it dictates how these materials must be handled, stored, and transported to mitigate risks associated with their potential for causing harm. Hazardous materials can include a wide range of substances, such as chemicals, radioactive materials, and explosives, and they require strict adherence to safety guidelines to prevent accidents and protect public health and the environment.

Understanding this term is vital for those involved in transportation, as proper identification and labeling of hazardous materials ensure that all individuals handling or in proximity to these materials are aware of the risks and can take appropriate precautions. The other terms listed do not accurately capture the definition and scope of materials that present risks during transportation. Non-hazardous materials do not pose risks; risky goods is a less formal term that does not encompass the specific regulations and classifications defined by hazardous materials; and controlled substances refer specifically to drugs regulated by law, which is a narrower category and does not generally include other hazardous materials.